Screening the insecticidal effect of thirty plant extracts from Jabel Akhdar region northeast Libya against adults of confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) using contact toxicity bioassay and fumigation toxicity bioa

Abstract

At the last forty years the world directing to replaceing the conventional pesticides by  economic alternatives are more safty for health and suitable for different cases, the plant extracts (Green Pesticides) were in the front of these alternatives, in this study, thirty plant extracts were isolated from ten plant they are endemic in Jabel Akhdar region northeast Libya using three different solvents (hexane, ethanol and water). The efficacy of these extracts against the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum were evaluated by two methods for bioassay a contact toxicity bioassay (C.T.B.) on filter paper and fumigation toxicity bioassay (F.T.B.). The results showed that, ethanol extracts were the best comparing with others two solvents and the ethanol extracts of Caper, Thyme, Nerium and Nabq were more effective than others in the both bioassays methods, when the ethanol extracts of  Rosmary was grate effective by (C.T.B.) with 100% mortality whereas it give only 50% mortality by (F.T.B.). However everyone who ethanol extract of  Harmel, and ethanol extract of Juniper showed high efficacy by 100% mortality for each one with (F.T.B.) bioassay, while they give only 73.33% and 50% mortality with (C.T.B.) for each one respectively.