Research titled Water and wind erosion in the Green Mountain region

Abstract

This study addressed one of the most significant environmental problems and a manifestation of land degradation in the Green Mountain region: soil erosion by water and wind. This entails the removal of the topsoil layer, rich in organic matter. This leads to the destruction of the soil's productive capacity. This loss is not limited to the topsoil layer alone, but extends to the loss of large quantities of soil. Although the area exposed to water erosion is very small, estimated at 0.4% of the country's total area, it represents a relatively high percentage, approximately 22.5%, of the area of ​​the regions receiving rainfall rates exceeding 200 mm, which are the most important agricultural areas in the country.

     The southern part of the Green Mountain also suffers from the risk of wind erosion, which is active south of latitude 32° 05' north, in the alluvial fan and Balat areas. These are alluvial areas exposed to dust storms with local southerly winds, which cause high temperatures and dry air. These winds carry large quantities of desert dust, which accumulates around shrubs and desert grasses, forming the so-called "Sandy nebak" phenomenon, which is widespread in the southern part of the Green Mountain.

      This study also addressed methods of combating wind erosion and water erosion in the Green Mountain region, such as resistance through vegetation cover, water storage methods, and methods for reducing surface runoff