Study on the Effect of Nb Doping on the Structural and Optical Properties of Barium Titanate Perovskite Nanocrystals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37376/fesj.vi19.7431Keywords:
Energy gap, patterns, XRD, UV-visible, spectroscopyAbstract
In this paper, five samples of perovskite oxide nanocrystals with the formula (Ba Ti(1-x) Nb(x)O3), where (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5%), were synthesized using the solid-state reaction method and calcined at 1200°C. All samples were investigated using XRD and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The XRD patterns of the prepared samples with varying Nb compositions showed that the nanopowders have a tetragonal phase. The lattice constants were found to be 0.041, 0.081, 0.122, 0.162, and 0.202 nm, and the particle sizes were determined to be 2.93, 5.80, 8.79, 11.72, and 14.65 nm, respectively. The structural analysis suggests that Nb doping and calcination influence atomic positions and site occupation in the crystal lattice due to differences in the size and charge that results in direct changes in the optical, structural and electrical properties of samples during the calcination process in barium titanate. UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the optical characteristics of the compounds within the 400–800 nm range. The energy gap of the nanocrystal samples was calculated, showing that the highest value of Eg was 3.30 eV, while the lowest value was 3.16 eV. The following optical properties, like absorption, optical absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, refractive index, reflectance, transmittance, and optical conductivity were calculated as functions of wavelength. The variations in the optical properties might be attributed to the varying Nb content in the prepared samples. In addition, changes in grain size and phase transitions play a significant role in modifying the energy levels, which in turn greatly affect the optical measurements of these samples.
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