IMPRESSIONS OF AN ENGLISH TRAVELLER IN LIBYA

الملخص

I first became acquainted with Libya more than seventy years  ago, when I was a child in London before the close of the nine teenth century. Someone gave me an annual volume of an Ame rican children's magazine, and the part of its contents that attrac ted me most was a serial story - part fiction, part fact - of the  war of 1801-4 between the United States and the Turkish governor  of Tarabolous. This war did not involve either the Ottoman Empire  or the people of Tripolitania. The governor of Tripoli was at that  time virtually independent, and he was also an autocrat. His sub jects were not consulted. However, this story did at least teach  me, at the age of seven or eight, the position of Libya on the map  of -the World.  

Libya impinged on me more forcibly in the autumn of 1911.  I was on my way through France and Italy to Greece when the  Italian Government declared war on the Ottoman Empire and  invaded Libya. By that date, the Ottoman Imperial Government  was once again in effective control of Libya, and the Turks joined  forces with a Libyan national resistance movement. In that war  the Libyans had the beau role; they were gallantly defending their  country .against an unprovoked act of aggression by a stronger  power. On the Italian side, it was not a people's war. I remember  watching Italian conscripts embarking at the port of Civita  Vecchia for the Libyan front. They looked unenthusiastic and  indeed positively unhappy.