Plagiarism Detection Policy

The Editorial Board of the Journal firmly rejects all unethical practices of copying, text misappropriation, or plagiarism in any form. Authors bear the sole responsibility for ensuring the absolute originality of their work and for accurately and properly citing all sources of content that are not entirely their own.

All manuscripts submitted for publication undergo mandatory similarity screening using advanced detection software, such as Crossref Similarity Check and iThenticate 2.0 (including its AI-generated writing detection tool).

The institutional thresholds for acceptable text matching are defined as follows:

• The maximum permissible overall similarity index is 20%.
• The similarity match from any single source or reference must not exceed 5%.

Submitted manuscripts that exceed these established thresholds will be automatically rejected. If plagiarism or academic dishonesty is discovered after publication, the article will be officially retracted, and the Journal reserves the full right to take any necessary administrative, legal, or academic actions in this regard.