السياسية الفرنسية اتجاه التطور السياسي والدستوري في ليبيا خلال المرحلة الانتقالية 1949-1951

Abstract

The Second World War ended with Italy's defeat and its withdrawal from Libya on January 23, 1943. The Allied forces took control of Libyan territories, marking a crucial journey in the history of the Libyan people's struggle for freedom and independence. France played a significant role in the Libyan cause, both domestically and internationally (Hart Liddell, 1970).

On January 23, 1943, the administration of the country was divided between the British and French forces, as agreed upon in a meeting between General Montgomery, the commander of the British forces, and General Leclerc, the commander of the Free French forces in Tripoli. This meeting was essentially the implementation of a previous agreement between the two countries to distribute spheres of influence, with a French plan to retain the Fezzan region after the war. This is evident from a message sent by Charles de Gaulle to Leclerc in 1942, expressing France's ambitions in Libya, stating, "The Fezzan region is France's fair share of this war" (de Gaulle, 1982).

In this research, we will first trace the French policy towards the political and constitutional developments in Libya, through its stance towards the United Nations Advisory Committee and local powers. Secondly, we will examine France's position on the constitutional building in Libya, including the Preparatory Committee, the National Assembly, the constitution, and the interim government.

Furthermore, we will seek to understand the nature and extent of France's role in Libya during the transitional period, uncovering France's relentless attempts to maintain and perpetuate its influence in Libya. We will shed light on France's policy towards the constitutional developments in Libya, whether through the Preparatory Committee represented by Committee 21 or the National Assembly represented by Committee 60. We will explore France's persistent efforts to shape the political landscape in Libya in a way that serves its interests