A pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility and the correlation of cotrimoxazole and fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli resistant uropathogens in Ibn-Sena hospital in Benghazi- Libya.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37376/ljst.v14i1.7170Keywords:
Antimicrobial resistance, Escherichia coli, cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacinAbstract
Uncontrollable use of antibiotics to treat uropathogens is one of the major causes of increasing antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. Therefore the choice of antibiotic therapy is needed to be based on their antibiotic susceptibility tests. We investigated the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli in uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) in 1011 samples during 8 months period in Ibn-Sena clinic in Benghazi. The E. coli was the most isolated uropathogen (64%). The most resistant antibiotic to this uropathogen was amoxicillin (51.6%), followed by cotrimoxazole (47.7%) and the percentage of ciprofloxacin was 26.6%. When the utilization of ciprofloxacin increased lately as an alternative to cotrimoxazole, its resistance increased and we found that this increase was positively correlated with cotrimoxazole. In conclusion, monitoring and investigating antibiotic-sensitivity patterns may help the physician to prepare reliable strategies for better management and control of E. coli infections.
Downloads
References
Ahmed, A., Osman, H., Mansour, A., Musa, H., Ahmed, A., Z.Karrar & Hassan, H. (2000) ‘Antimicrobial agent resistance in bacterial isolates from patients with diarrhea and urinary tract infection in Sudan’, Am J Trop Med Hyg, 63, pp. 259-263.
Alhambra, A., Cuadros, J., Cacho, J., Gómez-Garcés, J. & Ji. Alós (2004) ‘In vitro susceptibility of recent antibiotic-resistant urinary pathogens to ertapenem and 12 other antibiotics’, J Antimicrob Chemother, 53, pp. 1090-1094.
Altomi, A., Abeid, S., Tloba, S., Rhouma, A., Daw, M. & Ghenghesh, K. (1997) Urinary tract infections in Tripoli and drug sensitivity of the causative agents. T. The First Conference on Postgraduate Studies in Medical Sciences, Benghazi, Libya.
Bagar, S., Hussein, A., Elahwel, A. & Alani, S. (2007) ‘Antibiotic resistance pattern of urinary tract isolates’, Jamahiriya Med J., 7, pp. 116-121.
Buzayan, M., Tobgi, R. & Taher, I. (2010) ‘Detection of extended-spectrum ß-lactamases among urinary Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from two centers’, Jamahiriya Med J., 10, pp. 6-10.
Cullen, I., Manecksha, R., Mccullagh, E. & Al, E. (2012) The changing pattern of antimicrobial resistance within 42,033 Escherichia coli isolates from nosocomial, community, and urology patient-specific urinary tract infections, Dublin, 1999-2009. BJU Int, 109, pp. 1198– 1206.
Dasgupta, P., Sacks, S., Khan, M. & Sheerin, N. (2005) ‘Urinary Tract Infections; new insight into a common problem’, Postgrad. Med. J., pp. 8183-8186.
Dejenie, S., Negeri, A. A., Legese, M. H., Bedada, T. L., Woldemariam, H. K. & Tullu, K. D. (2019) Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production and multi-drug resistance among Enterobacteriaceae isolated in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 8.
George, A. & Levy, S. (1983) ‘Amplifiable resistance to tetracyc-line, chloramphenicol, and other antibiotics inEscherichiacoli: involvement of a non-plasmid-determined efflux of tetracycline’, J Bacteriol, 155, pp. 531–540.
Ghenghesh, K., Altomi, A., Gashout, S. & Abouhagar, B. (2003) ‘High antimicrobial-resistance rates of Escherichia coli from urine specimens in Tripoli-Libya’, Garyounis Med J, 20, pp. 89-93.
Ghenghesh, K., Elkateb, E., Berbash, N., Nada, R., Ahmed, S., Rahouma, A. & Al., E. (2009) ‘Uropathogens from diabetic patients in Libya: virulence factors and phylogenetic groups of isolated Escherichia coli’, J Med Microbiol., 58, pp. 1006_1014.
Gupta, K., Hooton, T., Naber, K. & Al., E. (2011) ‘International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: A 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases’, Clinical Infectious Diseases, 52, pp. 1003-1012.
Gupta, K., Hooton, T. & Stamm, W. (2001) ‘Increasing antimicrobial resistance and the management of uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infections’, Annals of Internal Medicine, 135, pp. 41-50.
Hima-Lerible, H., Ménard, D. & Talarmin, A. (2003) ‘Antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens that cause community-acquired urinary tract infections in Bangui, Central African Republic’, J Antimicrob Chemother, 51, pp. 192-194.
Hooton, T. (2003) ‘Fluoroquinolones and resistance in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection’, Int. J. Antimicrob Agents, 2, pp. 65-72.
Hryniewic, K., Szczy, K., Sulikowska, A., Jankowski, K., Betlejewska, K. & Hryniewicz, W. (2001) ‘Antibiotic Susceptibility of bacterial strains isolated from urinary tract infections in Poland’, J. Antimicrob. Chemother, 47, pp. 773-780.
Institute of C. A. L. S. (2006) Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. Wayne, PA USA: CLSI.
Kahlmeter, G., Åhman, J. & Matuschek, E. (2015) ‘Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli causing uncomplicated urinary tract infections: a European update for 2014 and comparison with 2000 and 2008’, Infect Dis Ther, 4, pp. 417–423.
Kang, C., Kim, J., D.Wpark & Al., E. (2018) ‘Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Antibiotic Treatment of Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections’, Infection & Chemotherapy, 50, pp. 67–100.
Karlowsky, J. A., Horban, D. J., Decorby, M. R., Lang, N. M. & Zhanel, G. G. (2006) ‘Fluoroquinolone – Resistant Urinary Isolates of E. coli from outpatients Are Frequently Multidrug-Resistant: Results from the North American Urinary Tract Infection Collaborative Alliance – Quinolone Resistance Study’, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother, 50, pp. 2251 -2254.
Koen, B., Rahul, B., Amita, P., Jonathan, D., Julie, V. R. & Timo, S. (2017) ‘Will co-trimoxazole resistance rates ever go down? Resistance rates remain high despite decades of reduced co-trimoxazole consumption’, J Glob Antimicrob Resist, 11, pp. 71-74.
Marei, A., Manzoor, A. & Mohammad, A. (2012) ‘Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing escherichia coli in clinical isolates in Benghazi, Libya: phenotypic detection and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern’, Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Science, 20, pp. 49-56.
Murray, P., Baron, E., Pfaller, M. & Tenover., F. (1999) Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Washington DC, American Society of Microbiology Press.
Ndugulile, F., Jureen, R., Harthug, S., Urassa, W. & Langeland, N. (2005) Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases among Gram-negative bacteria of nosocomial origin from an Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary health facility in Tanzania. BMC Infect Dis 5.
Obeng-Nkrumah, N., Twum-Danso, K., Krogfelt, K. & Newman, M. (2013) ‘High levels of extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases in a major teaching Hospital in Ghana: the need for regular monitoring and evaluation of antibiotic resistance’, Am J Trop Med Hyg., 89, pp. 960–964.
Ouedraogo, A. S., Sanou, M., Kissou, A., Sanou, S., Solaré, H., Kaboré., F. & Al., E. (2016) High prevalence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae among clinical isolates in Burkina Faso 2016;16(1):326. BMC Infect Dis., 16.
Ozyurt, M., Oncul, O., Ceylan, S., Haznedaroglu, T. & Sahiner, F. (2008) ‘Nurittin Ardic . Cross-resistance and associated resistance in Escherichia coli isolate from nosocomial urinary tract infections between 2004-2006 in a Turkish Hospital’, Cent. Eur. J. Med, 3, pp. 446-452.
Paterson, D. (2006) ‘Resistance in Gram-negative bacteria: Enterobacteriaceae’, Am J infect control, 34, pp. 20-28.
Paterson, D., Mulazimoglu, L., Casellas, J. & Al., E. (2000) ‘Epidemiology of ciprofloxacin resistance and its relationship to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates causing bacteremia’, Clin Infect Dis, 30, pp. 473–478.
Sabrina, J., Said, A., Mabula, K., Eligius, F. & Samuel, Y. (2010) Antimicrobial resistance among producers and non-producers of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary isolates at a tertiary Hospital in Tanzania. BMC Research Notes, 3.
Schwaber, M., Navon-Venezia, S., Schwartz, D., Schwaber, M., Navon-Venezia, S., Schwartz, D. & Al., E. (2005) ‘High levels of antimicrobial Coresistance among extended-Spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae’, Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 49, pp. 2137–2139.
Seitz, M., Stief, C. & Waidelich, R. (2017) Local epidemiology and resistance profiles in acute uncomplicated cystitis (AUC) in women: a prospective cohort study in an urban urological ambulatory setting. BMC Infect Dis, 16.
Søraas, A., Sundsfjord, A., Sandven, I., Cathrine Brunborg, C., Jenum, P. (2013) Risk factors for community-acquired urinary tract infections caused by ESBLproducing enterobacteriaceae-a case-control study in a low prevalence country. PLoS One 23.
Stapleton, P., Lundon, D., Mcwade, R., Scanlon, N., Hannan, M. M., O'Kelly, F., M Lynch, M. (2017) ‘Antibiotic resistance patterns of Escherichia coli urinary isolates and comparison with antibiotic consumption data over 10 years, 2005-2014’, Ir J Med Sci, 186, pp. 733–741.
Tobgi, R., Taher, I. & Ali, M. (2001) ‘Antibiotic susceptibility of uropathogens in Benghazi, Libya’, Jamahiriya Med J., 1, pp. 46-49.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Libyan Journal of Science &Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
